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Read Ebook: Letters to The Times upon War and Neutrality (1881-1920) by Holland Thomas Erskine
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Ebook has 733 lines and 82723 words, and 15 pages
MEASURES SHORT OF WAR FOR THE SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CONTROVERSIES 1
The Petition to the President of the United States 2 Commissions of Enquiry and The Hague Convention 3 The League of Nations 7 " " " " 8 " " " " 9
The Blockade of the Menam 10 Pacific Blockade 11 The Venezuelan Controversy 13 The Venezuela Protocol 18 War and Reprisals 18
Count von Moltke on the Laws of Warfare 23 Professor Bluntschli's Reply to Count von Moltke 26 The United States Naval War Code 29 A Naval War Code 31
TERMINOLOGY 33
International Terminology 33
CONVENTIONS AND LEGISLATION 36
Government Bills and International Conventions 36 The present Bill in Parliament 38 The Foreign Enlistment Bill 39
THE COMMENCEMENT OF WAR 41
Foreign Soldiers in England 45 The Naval Prize Bill: Civil Disabilities of Enemy Subjects 47 Enemy Ships in Port 49
THE CONDUCT OF WARFARE 50
The Freedom of the Seas? 51
The Suez Canal 51 " " " 51 " " " 53 " " " 54 The Closing of the Dardanelles 55 " " " " " 58
The German Threat 59
The Debate on Aeronautics 61 The Aerial Navigation Act 63 Sovereignty over the Air 65 Attack from the Air: The Enforcement of International Law 66 " " " " The Rules of International Law 67
Germany and the Hague 69 The "Pirates" 70 Submarine Crews 71 Mr. Wilson's Note 72
Guerilla Warfare 73 The Russian Use of Chinese Clothing 75 The Rights of Armed Civilians 77 Civilians in Warfare: The Right to take up Arms 78 Civilians and a Raid 79 Miss Cavell's Case 79
Our Mercantile Marine in War Time 81 " " " " " " 84 Our Mercantile Marine in War 87 The Declaration of Paris 87 " " " " 89 " " " " 91 " " " " 92
The Natal Proclamation 93
Bullets in Savage Warfare 94 Gases 97
Wounded Horses in War 98
International "Usufruct" 101 Requisitions in Warfare 103
Private Property at Sea 104
The Executions at Pretoria 106 The Petition of Right 108 The Petition of Right 109 Martial Law in Natal 111
Naval Atrocities 113 The Naval Manoeuvres 113 " " " 117 Naval Bombardments of Unfortified Places 120
Reprisals 123 " 124
Undesirable Peace Talk 124
THE RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF NEUTRALS 126
Professor de Martens on the Situation 126 Neutrals and the Laws of War 127
Contraband of War 130 Coal for the Russian Fleet 132 German War Material for Turkey 135
SECTION 3
The British Proclamation of Neutrality 136 " " " " 138 " " " " 141 The Proclamation of Neutrality 143
SECTION 4
SECTION 5
SECTION 6
SECTION 7
Russian Prize Law 174 " " " 177 " " " 178 The Sinking of Neutral Prizes 179
SECTION 8
An International Prize Court 182 A New Prize Law 183 " " " " 186 " " " " 189
SECTION 9
The Naval Prize Bill 192 " " " " 194 Naval Prize Money 195
SECTION 10
The Declaration of London 196 " " " " 197 " " " " 199 " " " " 202 " " " " 203 " " " " 204 " " " " 205 Germany wrong again 207
INDEX 209
MEASURES SHORT OF WAR FOR THE SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CONTROVERSIES
SECTION 1
Of the letters which follow, the first was suggested by a petition presented in October, 1899, to the President of the United States, asking him to use his good offices to terminate the war in South Africa; the second by discussions as to the advisability of employing, for the first time, an International Commission of Enquiry, for the purpose of ascertaining the facts of the lamentable attack perpetrated by the Russian fleet upon British fishing vessels off the Dogger Bank, on October 21, 1905. The Commission sat from January 19 to February 25, 1905, and its report was the means of terminating a period of great tension in the relations of the two Powers concerned : this letter deals also with Arbitration, under The Hague Convention of 1899.
It remains to be seen how far the settlement of international controversies has been facilitated by the establishment of a "League of Nations" , and, in particular, by the plan for the establishment of a "Permanent Court of International Justice," formulated by the League, in pursuance of Art. 14 of the Treaty of Versailles, and submitted to its members in December, 1920.
THE PETITION TO THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES
"Les Puissances signataires jugent utile qu'une ou plusieurs Puissances ?trang?res au conflit offrent de leur propre initiative, en tant que les circonstances s'y pr?tent, leurs bons offices ou leur m?diation aux ?tats en conflit.
"Le droit d'offrir les bons offices ou la m?diation appartient aux Puissances ?trang?res au conflit, m?me pendant le cours des hostilit?s.
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