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Read Ebook: The Myxomycetes of the Miami Valley Ohio by Morgan A P Andrew Price
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Ebook has 199 lines and 35686 words, and 4 pages
upon a common hypothallus; the wall a thin membrane, minutely granulose, firm and quite persistent, gradually breaking away from the apex downward. Spores abundant, globose, umber or olivaceous.
Growing on old wood, mosses, etc. AEthalium circular or irregular in shape, from one to several centimeters in extent, the individual sporangia 2-4 mm. in height. Plasmodium at first milky-white, soon changing to bright red, then to umber, becoming paler when mature and dry.
If the sporophores in this genus be regarded as simple sporangia, which is the view that Rostafinski takes of one of the species, the tubules are simply the peculiar threads of a capillitium. If, however, the aethalium is a compound plasmodiocarp, the tubules stand for the original plasmodial strands and, consequently, represent the component sporangia.
Growing on old wood. AEthalium 2-5 mm. in diameter, the threads 2-10 mic. in thickness, with very slight thickenings of the membrane. The polygonal vesicles give a reticulate appearance to the dark-brown patches which ornament the surface of the wall.
Growing on old wood. AEthalium 5-12 mm. in diameter, the width of the tubules varying from 12-25 mic. in the main branches, with broader expansions at the angles, to 6-12 mic. in the more slender final branchlets. This is one of the most common of the Myxomycetes; it grows in all countries, and in this region may be found on old trunks at all seasons of the year.
Growing on old trunks. AEthalium 1 to several centimeters in diameter, the width of the tubules varying from 25-60 mic. in the main branches, with sometimes much broader expansions at the angles, to 10-25 mic. in the ultimate branchlets. The brown vesicles of the outer wall are easily separated from each other and emptied of their contents by maceration; it is then seen that a thin pellucid membrane incloses numerous roundish granules, much resembling the spores, but usually a little larger, 5-8 mic. in diameter.
Sporangia simple, regular and stipitate, or compound, forming an aethalium; the wall a thin membrane with distinct fibrous thickenings upon the inner surface, the membrane, or at least certain portions of it, disappearing usually at the maturity of the spores, leaving behind the more permanent fibrous thickenings as a more or less definite capillitium. Spores globose, purple, brown, ochraceous, rarely violaceous.
In this order the threads of a capillitium first make their appearance; but they are confined to the inner surface of the wall of the sporangium, being set at liberty by the early decay of the outer membrane.
TABLE OF GENERA OF RETICULARIACEAE.
After the maturity of the spores disintegration of the sporangial wall begins, the thin membrane disappearing more rapidly than the fibrous thickenings or the portions of the sporangial walls near the base, which are more compactly grown together; there is thus left at each stage an increasing number of the shreddy fibers mingled with the spores.
Growing on old wood. Sporangium .5-.7 mm. in diameter, the stipe two or three times the diameter of the sporangium in length. Recognized by the large sporangium and the very small nodules with their few radiating threads.
Growing on old wood. Sporangium .22-.27 mm. in diameter, the stipes 1-2 mm. in length. Readily distinguished by its very small sporangium and the comparatively very long stem. I am indebted to Dr. George A. Rex for specimens of this species.
Growing on old wood. Sporangium .30-.35 X .25-.30 mm, the stipe two to four times as long as the sporangium. A minute species, easily recognized by its almost uniform color of bright new copper.
The ribs run from base to apex like the meridians on a globe; they are simple, or here and there they separate into two divergent branches, which sometimes again converge into one; at the apex of the sporangium there is usually a small irregular net in which all the ribs terminate.
Growing on old wood. Sporangium .4-.5 mm. in diameter, the stipe two or three times longer than the diameter of the sporangium. This appears to be the species figured and described by Rostafinski and by Massee.
Growing on rotten wood, mosses, etc. Sporangium .5-.7 mm. in diameter, the stipe three to five times as long. This is a much larger species than the preceding; it has a uniform dark purple hue, the stipe is very long and much bent and twisted, the ribs of the sporangium are soon torn apart and rolled inward.
Fig. 1.--Licea biforis, Morgan, n. sp.
Figs. 2, 3, 4.--Diagrammatic representation of the structure of Tubulina
Fig. 5.--Lycogala conicum, Pers., natural size
Fig. 6.--Lycogala exiguum, Morgan, n. sp., natural size
Fig. 7.--Lycogala epidendrum, Buxb., natural size
Fig. 8.--Lycogala flavofuscum, Ehr., natural size
Fig. 9.--Portion of tubule of Lycogala flavofuscum
Fig. 10.--Reticularia splendens, Morgan, n. sp., natural size
Fig. 11.--Cribraria cuprea, Morgan, n. sp.
Fig. 12.--Dictydium longipes, Morgan, n. sp.
From the Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History, April, 1893.
THE MYXOMYCETES OF THE MIAMI VALLEY, OHIO.
BY A. P. MORGAN.
Second Paper.
Sporangia sessile or plasmodiocarp; the wall a thin membrane, with a more or less thickened outer layer of minute brownish scales and granules. Capillitium of long and very slender tubules, proceeding from numerous points of the sporangial wall, loosely branched, forming no evident network, the surface minutely warted or spinulose. Spores globose, oval, or somewhat irregular, yellow.
The order is distinguished by the sessile sporangia, with thick brown walls, and the very slender threads of the capillitium, with irregular and indefinite markings.
TABLE OF GENERA OF PERICHAENACEAE.
Distinguished from Ophiotheca by the flattened sporangium with a regular circumscissile dehiscence.
Growing on the inside of the bark of Elm. Sporangia .5-.6 mm. in diameter, quite regular in shape, with a slightly flattened base. My specimens are from Prof. McBride, of Iowa.
Sporangia regular and stipitate, rarely sessile; the wall a thin membrane, minutely granulose, colored as the spores and capillitium, the upper part soon torn away in a somewhat circumscissile manner, and early disappearing. Capillitium of slender tubules, repeatedly branching and anastomosing to form a complicated network of evident meshes, more or less expanded after dehiscence; the surface of the threads minutely warted or spinulose or with elevated ridges in the shape of rings, half rings or reticulations.
This order is specially distinguished by the threads of the capillitium forming a complicated network of evident meshes.
TABLE OF GENERA OF ARCYRIACEAE.
This genus differs from Arcyria in the capillitium springing from numerous points of the sporangial wall.
Growing on the spines of Chestnut burs. Sporangia .5-.6 mm. in diameter, the stipe shorter than the sporangium.
Growing on old wood. Sporangia .5-.8 mm. in height, sessile on a narrow base or with a very short stipe; the threads of the capillitium are generally 3-5 mic. in thickness, but there are broader expansions at the nodes and elsewhere. My specimens are from Prof. McBride, of Iowa. The species is extremely variable, and these specimens differ much from those described elsewhere.
?1. CLATHROIDES, Mich. Capillitium closely attached by a few threads which issue from the interior of the stipe, and are free from the calyculus , much elongated after dehiscence, weak and drooping or prostrate; the meshes open and irregular, not differing externally and internally, their threads similar throughout, the warts or ridges of the surface exhibiting a spiral arrangement.
Growing on old bark, wood, mosses, etc. The stipe 1-2 mm. in length, the capillitium elongated 2-4 mm. The commonest of the species, conspicuous by reason of its bright red color.
Growing in small clusters on old wood. A small species, the capillitium expanded 1-2 mm., the stipe extremely short, or altogether absent.
Growing on old wood. The capillitium elongated 4-8 mm., the stipe very short. A very conspicuous species by reason of its long pale yellow capillitium.
?2. PLECTANELLA. Capillitium erect, firmly attached by numerous threads, which issue from the interior of the stipe, but are connate with the wall of the calyculus, after dehiscence not much expanded: the meshes at the surface of the network much smaller than those within, folded back and forth, narrow and irregular, their threads densely warted or spinulose; the meshes of the interior much larger, open and expanded, their threads with minute scattered warts or perfectly smooth.
Growing on old wood. Capillitium 1-2 mm. long, the stipe about the same length.
Distinguished from Arcyria by the numerous free extremities of the peripheral portion of the network.
Sporangium regular and stipitate or sessile, rarely plasmodiocarp; the wall a thin membrane, usually granular or venulose on the inner surface, colored as the spores and capillitium, irregularly dehiscent. Capillitium of slender tubules, simple or branched, scarcely forming an evident network; the surface of the threads furnished with continuous ridges, which wind around the tube in a spiral manner. Spores globose, red, brown, yellow, olivaceous.
This order is readily recognized by the spiral ridges which wind around the tubules of the capillitium.
TABLE OF GENERA OF TRICHIACEAE.
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