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UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 1-45, 22 figs.
February 20, 1970
A Taxonomic Revision of the Leptodactylid Frog Genus Syrrhophus Cope
JOHN D. LYNCH
UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS LAWRENCE 1970
UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PUBLICATIONS, MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
Editors of this number: Frank B. Cross, Philip S. Humphrey, William E. Duellman
Volume 20, No. 1, pp. 1-45, 22 figs. Published February 20, 1970
UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS Lawrence, Kansas
PRINTED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PRINTING SERVICE LAWRENCE, KANSAS 1970
A Taxonomic Revision of the Leptodactylid Frog Genus Syrrhophus Cope
JOHN D. LYNCH
INTRODUCTION
Smith and Taylor recognized two species groups of the genus in M?xico, an eastern and a western group , separated on the basis of the number of palmar tubercles . Duellman reviewed the species of the genus occurring in western M?xico and concluded that there were five species . Dixon and Webb described an additional species from Jalisco, M?xico. The distributions of some species have been extended, but otherwise the western complex of species remains unchanged since Duellman's review.
New combination.
The definitions and contents of the five species groups are as follows:
I have profited from discussions concerning this problem with several persons, most notably William E. Duellman, Hobart M. Smith, Edward H. Taylor and Charles F. Walker. Nevertheless, the ideas and conclusions presented here should not be construed as necessarily reflecting their opinions.
David M. Dennis executed all of the figures, and my wife, Marsha, typed the manuscript.
ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERS
B 18 22.6-27.8 37.9-44.0 32.2-36.5 38.0-54.0 56.1-79.5 1 29.4 38.4 32.5 44.6 55.0
C 8 15.8-20.1 38.5-42.6 32.1-38.1 26.8-39.3 57.0-86.9 1 18.5 44.2 36.0 24.0 52.1
D 6 17.9-19.3 41.0-44.9 32.6-36.2 27.0-35.6 59.4-67.7
E 18 19.2-23.2 41.5-45.3 32.5-36.4 28.6-43.8 51.2-75.0 1 24.8 41.8 30.8 37.9 60.5
F 15 18.9-21.1 42.2-48.6 30.9-37.1 30.0-39.3 42.6-69.1 1 24.1 40.9 33.5 27.6 56.5
Fouquette presented analyses of two species . The voices were very similar; both frogs were reported to "trill" and "chirp."
SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNT
Two large palmar tubercles; outer palmar tubercle reduced in size or absent 9
Digital pads less than twice width of digit 4
First finger shorter than or equal to second 7
Venter areolate, or if smooth, dorsum flecked and interorbital bar lacking 6
First finger equal to second; digital tips slightly to moderately expanded 8
Dorsum pale with dark markings and digital pads slightly to widely expanded 10
Digital tips widely expanded, truncate in outline; tympanum poorly defined; outer metatarsal tubercle less than one-half size of inner 12
Light interorbital bar absent 14
Dorsum reticulate or vermiculate, pattern poorly defined 15
SPECIES ACCOUNTS
The following accounts do not include complete descriptions of each taxon, because a more than adequate number of descriptions is available in the recent literature. An abbreviated synonymy, in which are listed all combinations and emendations of names and significant contributions to our knowledge of the taxon, is given for each. For each species and subspecies the following are given: descriptive diagnosis, statement of range, remarks on taxonomy, list of specimens examined, illustration of color pattern, and distribution map.
Fossils are known from the Sangamon interglacial deposits in Foard and Knox Counties, Texas .
Many scattered pustules on dorsum; flanks areolate; skin of venter areolate or not ; ventral disc distinct on chest and lower abdomen; inguinal gland present or not, when present varying from very large and distinct to poorly defined; axillary gland absent.
First finger shorter than second; all fingers bearing truncate tips with pads, each pad having a terminal groove; fingers fringed; fingers three and four having dilated pads two to three times width of digit; subarticular tubercles large, conical, rounded, simple; supernumerary tubercles numerous on thenar surface, none on digits; three palmar tubercles, outer slightly smaller than largest supernumerary tubercles; row of tubercles on outer edge of forearm variable, weak to very distinct; tips of toes wider than digits, rounded to truncate at tips, each pad having terminal groove; toes having lateral fringes, bases of toes united by web, web not extending to basal subarticular tubercle; subarticular tubercles smaller than those of hand, round, conical, simple; supernumerary tubercles numerous on plantar surfaces, extending between metatarsal tubercles, present on toes between basal two subarticular tubercles in some specimens; outer metatarsal tubercle round, conical, one-half as large as ovoid, non-compressed inner metatarsal tubercle; tarsal tubercles or folds absent.
Ground color pale reddish-brown to tan dorsally, creamy on flanks; dorsal pattern consisting of reddish-brown to brown vermiculations extending onto flanks; distinct interorbital light bar present; loreal region darker than snout, reddish-brown compared to tan or pale reddish-brown; arms colored like dorsum; thighs banded, unicolor brown on posterior surfaces; shanks and tarsi banded; venter white to cream punctated with brown in some specimens.
The variation in proportions is summarized in Table 5.
The color pattern of individuals in the southern part of the range of this species consists of large spots or blotches, whereas in the northwestern part the pattern is made up of smaller spots. In the northeastern part of the range, the pattern is more reduced and tends to consist of heavy flecking. The interorbital bar is narrower in specimens from Nuevo Le?n and Tamaulipas and is triangular in specimens from Hidalgo and Queretaro.
DISCUSSION
Subspecific assignments have been made only when there is evidence of intergradation. The sympatric occurrence of morphologically similar species in this genus has led me to adopt a conservative approach to the degree of difference philosophy. I have therefore recognized all morphologically distinct allopatric populations as species.
LITERATURE CITED
BAIRD, S. F.
BARBOUR, T.
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