: Electricity for the 4-H Scientist by Wilson Eric B - Electricity Juvenile literature

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Lesson Credit Page Number Title Points Number How to Use This Book 1 B-1 Getting Acquainted With Electricity 3 2 B-2 Tools for Electricians 4 7 B-3 Rewire a Lamp--Be a Lamp Detective 3 11 B-4 Make a Trouble Light 3 15 B-5 What Makes Motors Run 5 18 B-6 Taking Care of Electric Motors 3 23 B-7 Reading the Electric Meter 4 26 B-8 Ironing is Fun 3 30 B-9 Let's Be Friends With Electricity 2 35 B-10 How Electric Bells Work--For You 3 39 B-11 First Aid for Electrical Injuries 2 43 B-12 How Electricity Heats 3 47 B-13 Mysterious Magnetism 2 50 B-14 Give Your Appliances and Lights a Square Meal 2 54 B-15 You Can Measure Electricity 4 58

UNIVERSITY OF IDAHO COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICE Eric B. Wilson, Extension Agricultural Engineer 1962

Published and distributed in furtherance of the Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, by the University of Idaho Extension Service, James E. Kraus, Director; and the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Co-operating.

LESSON NO. B-l

Credit Points 3

GETTING ACQUAINTED WITH ELECTRICITY

Electricity serves you best when you understand how it works and use it properly. As a 4-H member, you should know about electricity and help to show others the way to obtain its tremendous work-saving benefits as well as how to use it with safety.

A good way to think of electricity is to compare it with water. It acts a lot like water. However it is made of tiny parts of atoms called electrons. When there are more than the normal number of electrons in anything, it is said to be negatively charged; when there is a shortage of electrons, it is positively charged. As water flows downhill, "seeking it's level," electrons flow from negative to positive, seeking to "balance" the charge.

Electrical Conductors

Even if you're never going to repair a lamp or make a chick brooder, you should know about conductors and insulators. This is because you happen to be a fairly good conductor of electricity. Electricity will pass easily through you to other conductors--the ground, for instance. When this happens you may get a shock, burn, or serious injury. But it doesn't ever have to happen, if you learn to understand your friend, electricity.

Silver, copper, iron, aluminum and many other metals are very good conductors. Water, acids, and salts are too. Electricity passes over or through them very easily. Like water pipes, the larger the conductor, the more electricity it can carry. When conductors are too small for the amount of electrons trying to move over them, they get hot, melt, may start fires. That's why wire size is important.

Electrical Insulators

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