: History of the United States Volume 4 by Andrews Elisha Benjamin - United States History United States

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PERIOD IV

CIVIL WAR AND RECONSTRUCTION

Three Great Lines of Campaign.--Confederate Posts in Kentucky.--Surrender of Fort Henry.--Siege of Fort Donelson.--Capture.--Kentucky Cleared of Armed Confederates.--Pope Captures Island No. 10.--Gunboat Fight.--Memphis Ours.--Battle of Pittsburg--Landing.--Defeat and Victory.--Farragut and Butler to New Orleans.--Battle.--Victory.--The Crescent City Won.--On to Vicksburg.--Iuka.--Corinth.--Grant's Masterly Strategy.--Sherman's Movements.--McClernand's.--Gunboats pass Vicksburg.--Capture of Jackson, Miss.--Battle of Champion's Hill.--Siege of Vicksburg.--Famine within.--The Surrender.

Bragg Invades Kentucky.--Buell Saves Louisville.--Battle of Perryville.--Of Stone River.--Losses.--Chickamauga.--Thomas the "Rock of Chickamauga."--Grant to the Front.--Bragg's Movements.--Chattanooga.--The "Battle above the Clouds."--Capture of Missionary Ridge.--Bragg's Army Broken Up.--Grant Lieutenant-General.--Plan of Campaign for 1864-65.--Sherman's Army.--Skirmishes.--Kenesaw Mountain.--Johnston at Bay.--Hood in Command.--Assumes the Offensive.--Sherman in Atlanta.--Losses.--Hood to Alabama and Tennessee.--The March to the Sea.--Living on the Country.--Sherman at Savannah.--Hardee Evacuates.--A Christmas Gift.--The Blow to the Confederacy.--Thomas Crushes Hood.--Sherman Marches North.--Charleston Falls.--Columbia.--Johnston Routed at Bentonville.--Sherman Master of the Carolinas.--Johnston Surrenders.

McClellan to Fortress Monroe.--Yorktown.--Williamsburg.--Fair Oaks.--Lee in Command.--McDowell Retained at Fredericksburg.--Lee Assumes the Offensive.--Gaines's Mill.--The Seven Days' Retreat.--Malvern Hill.--Union Army at Harrison's Landing.--Discouragement.--McClellan Leaves the Peninsula.--Pope's Advance on Richmond.--Retreat.--Jackson in his Rear.--Second Battle of Bull Run.--Pope Defeated.--Chantilly.--McClellan again Commander.--Lee in Maryland.--South Mountain.--Antietam.--Lee Escapes.--McClellan Removed and Burnside in Command.--Fredericksburg.--The Battle.--Hooker General-in-Chief.--Chancellorsville.--Flank Movement by Jackson.--Battle of May 3d.--Lee in Pennsylvania.--Convergence to Gettysburg.--First Day's Battle.--Second Day.--Third.--Pickett's Charge.--Failure.--Lee Escapes.--Significance of this Battle.

Grant Comes East.--Battle of the Wilderness.--Flanking.--Spottsylvania.--The "Bloody Angle."--Butler "Bottled Up" at Bermuda.--Grant at the North Anna.--At Cold Harbor.--Change of Base to the James.--Siege of Petersburg.--The Mine.--Washington in Peril.--Operations in Shenandoah Valley.--"Sheridan's Ride."--Further Work at Petersburg.--Distress at the South.--Lee's Problem.--Battle at Five Forks.--Blue-coats in Petersburg.--Davis and his Government Leave Richmond.--Union Army Enters.--Grant Pursues Lee.--The Surrender.--Assassination of President Lincoln.--Johnston Grounds Arms.--Capture of Jefferson Davis.

Classification of Naval Deeds.--Our Navy when the War Began.--Enlargement.--Blockading.--Difficulty and Success.--Alternate Tediousness and Excitement.--Blockade-running Tactics.--Expeditions to Aid the Blockade.--To Port Royal.--To Roanoke Island.--Confederate Navy.--The Merrimac.--Sinks the Cumberland, Burns the Congress.--Monitor and Merrimac.--An Era in Naval Architecture and Warfare.--Operations before Charleston.--The Atlanta.--The Albemarle.--Blown Up by Cushing.--Farragut in Mobile Harbor.--Fort Fisher Taken.--Southern Cruisers upon the High Seas.--Destructive.--The Sumter.--The Alabama.--Her Career.--Fights the Kearsarge.--Sinks.

Views of the War Abroad.--England's Hostility.--Causes.--The Trent Affair.--Seward's Reasoning.--Great Britain's Breach of Neutrality.--Louis Napoleon's Hypocrisy.--Invasion of Mexico.--Maximilian.--War Expenditure.--How Met.--Duties.--Internal Revenue.--Loans.--Bonds.--Treasury Notes.--Treasurer's Report, July 1, 1865.--Errors of War Financiering.--Confederate Finances.--High Prices at South.--Problem of the Slave in Union Lines.--"Contraband of War."--Rendition by United States Officers.--Arguments for Emancipation.--Congressional Legislation.--Abolition in District of Columbia.--Negro Soldiers.--Preliminary Proclamation.--Final Effects.--Mr. Lincoln's Difficulties.--Republican Opposition.--Abolitionist.--Democratic.--Copperhead.--Yet he is Re-elected.

PERIOD V

THE CEMENTED UNION

Grant's First Election.--His Work During Reconstruction.--Its Difficulty.--Bayonet Rule in the South.--The Force Act.--Danger to State Independence.--"Liberal Republican" Movement.--The Greeley Campaign, 1872.--Grant again Elected.--Fresh Turmoil at the South.--Culminates in Louisiana.--Blood Shed.--The Kellogg Government Sustained in that State.--A Solid South.--The Election of 1876.--In Doubt.--The Returns.--The Electoral Commission of 1877.--Hayes Seated.--The Electoral Count Act, 1886.--Hayes's Administration.--End of the Bayonet Regime.--Garfield's Nomination.--And Election.--And Assassination.--The Guiteau Trial.--Civil Service Reform.--Under Grant.--Under Hayes.--Need of it.--Credit Mobilier Scandal.--The Pendleton Act Passed.--Its Nature and Operation.--Recovery of Power by the Democracy.--Election of Cleveland.--The Civil Service.--Presidential Succession Act of 1886.--Its Necessity.--And Provisions.

A Shining Instance of Peaceful International Methods.--Earlier Negotiations.--"ALABAMA CLAIMS" Insisted on.--A Joint Commission.--Its Personnel.--A Treaty Drafted and Ratified.--Its Provisions.--Northwest Boundary Question.--Minor Claims.--The Alabama Claims.--Geneva Tribunal.--Personnel.--No Pay for Indirect Losses.--Importance of the Case.--The Three Rules of the Washington Treaty.--Position of Great Britain Relative to These.--Their Meaning.--An Advance in International Law.--The Other Cruisers.--The Award.--Charles Francis Adams.--The Money Paid.--Its History.

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