: Cliff Castles and Cave Dwellings of Europe by Baring Gould S Sabine - Cliff-dwellings Europe; Cave dwellings Europe; Troglodytes

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PREHISTORIC CAVE-DWELLERS

Formation of chalk--Of dolomitic limestone--Where did the first men live--Their Eden in the chalk lands--Migration elsewhere--Pit dwellings--Civilisation stationary--Troglodytes--Antiquity of man--Les Eyzies--H?tel du Paradis--The first colonists of the V?z?re Valley-- Their artistic accomplishments--Painting and sculpture--Rock dwellings in Champagne--Of a later period--Civilisation does not progress uniformly--The earth--Book of the Revelation of the past--La Laugerie Basse--Blandas--Conduch?--Grotte de Han--The race of Troglodytes not extinct

MODERN TROGLODYTES

Troglodytes of the Etang de Berre--The underground town of Og, King of Bashan--Tr?o--Sanitation--Ancient mode of disposing of refuse--The talking well--Les Roches--Chateau de Bandan--Chapel of S. Gervais--La Grotte des Vierges--Rochambeau--Le Roi des Halles--La Roche Corbon-- Human refuse at Ezy--Saumur--Are there still pagans among them?-- Bourr?--Courtineau--The basket-makers of Villaines--Grioteaux--Sauliac --Cuzorn--Brant?me--La Roche Beaucourt--The Swabian Alb--Sibyllen loch-- Vrena Beutlers H?hle--Schillingsloch--Schl?ssberg H?hle--Rock village in Sicily--In the Crimea--In Egypt--In volcanic breccia--Balmes de Montbrun--Grottoes de Boissi?re--Grottoes de Jonas--The rock Ceyssac-- The sandstone cave-dwellings of Corr?ze--Their internal arrangement-- Cluseaux--Cave-dwellings in England--In Nottinghamshire--In Staffordshire--In Cornwall--In Scotland--The savage in man--Reversion to savagery--The Gubbins--A stone-cutter--Daniel Gumb--A gentleman of Sens--Toller of Clun Downs

SOUTERRAINS

Prussian invasion of Bohemia--Adersbach and Wickelsdorf labyrinths-- Refuges of the Israelites--Gauls suffocated in caves by Caesar-- Armenians by Corbulo--Story of Julius Sabinus--Saracen invasion--The devastation of Aquitaine by Pepin--Rock refuges in Quercy--The Northmen--Persecution of the Albigenses--The cave of Lombrive--The English domination of Guyenne--Two kinds of refuges--Saint Macaire-- Alban--Refuge of Ch?teau Robin--Exploration--Methods of defence-- Souterrain of Fayrolle--Of Saint Gauderic--Of Fauroux--Of Olmie-- Aubeterre--Refuges under castles--Enormous number of souterrains in France--Victor Hugo's account of those in Brittany--Refuges resorted to in the time of the European War--Those in Picardy--Gapennes--Some comparatively modern--Condition of the peasantry during the Hundred Years' War--Tyranny of the nobles--Their barbarities--Refuges in Ireland--In England--The Dene Holes--at Chislehurst--At Tilbury--Their origin--Fogous in Cornwall--Refuges in Haddingtonshire--In Egg-- Slaughter of the Macdonalds--Refuges in the Isle of Rathlin--Massacre by John Norris--Refuges in Crete--Christians suffocated in one by the Turks--Lamorciere in Algeria. . . . . .

CLIFF REFUGES

Distinction between souterrain and cliff refuges--How these latter were reached--Gazelles--Peuch Saint Sour--Story of S. Sour--The Roc d'Aucor --Exploration--How formerly reached--Boundoulaou--Riou Ferrand--Cliff refuge near Brengues--Les M?es--Fadarelles--Puy Labrousse--Soulier-de- Chasteaux--Refuges in Auvergne--Meschers--In Ari?ge--The Albigenses-- Caves in Derbyshire--Reynard's cave--Cotton's cave--John Cann's cave-- Elford's cave on Sheep's Tor.... 103-116

CLIFF CASTLES. THE ROUTIERS

The seigneural castle--Protection sought against the foes without and against the peasant in revolt--Instance of the Ch?teau Les Eyzies-- Independence of the petty nobles--Condition of the country in France-- In Germany--Weakness of the Emperor--The Raubritter--Italy--The nobles brought into the towns--Their towers--Division of the subject-- Difference between the English manor-house and the foreign feudal castle--The English in France--The Hundred Years' War--Hopeless condition of the people--The Free Companies--How recruited--Crusade against the Albigenses--Barons no better than Routiers--Death of chivalry--Routiers were rarely Englishmen--Had no scruples as to whom they served--Disregarded treaties--The captains were Gascons or French --The nobles of the south on the English side--Nests in the rock-- Depopulation and devastation--Insolence of the Companies--Bigaroque-- Roc de Tayac--Corn--Roquefort--Brengues--The Bishop of Cahors dies there--Ch?teau du Diable at Cabrerets--D?fil? des Anglais--Peyrousse-- Les Roches du Tailleur--Trosky--The scolding women--The English not forgotten in Guyenne . . . . . 117-141

The difference between feudal castles and those of the Routiers-- Illustration of the character of the nobles--Two Counts of Perigord-- The nobles in Auvergne--"Les grands Jours"--La Roche Saint Christophe-- Surprised and destroyed--Reoccupied by the Huguenots--Final destruction--La Roche Gageac--Its history--Jean Tarde--Ravages of the Huguenots--Gluges--La Roche Lambert--Habichstein--B?rgstein--The spy-- Kronmetz--Covolo--Puxerloch--The shadowless man--Nottingham Castle-- Arrest of Mortimer--Outmost castles--La Grotte de Jioux--Clovis crosses the Vienne--Le Gu? du Loir--Antoine de Bourbon--Calvin at Saint Saturnin--His cave--La Roche Corail--Cave in which the "Institute of the Christian Religion" was written--Effects produced by this work --Preparation of men's minds for reform--Havoc wrought to art by the Calvinists--La Rochebrune--A cave-colander--Necessity for outlook stations--Frontier fortifications

SUBTERRANEAN CHURCHES

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